array 1 contains FACE

array 2 contains NOSE

array 3 contains NOSE

array 4 contains CHIN

array 1 by individual characters = FACE



Note: output of line 1 and 2 may differ in your computer based on memory conditions.

Code Understanding

char ca1[]={‘F’,’A’,’C’,’E’};
Initialisation character array with individual characters. Here 4 initialising character F, A, C and E are given and array size will automatically become 4 characters.
char ca2[4]={‘N’,’O’,’S’,’E’};
Here array size is predefined and only 4 characters can be given for initialisation. If you give more than that program will not compile.
char ca3[5]={‘N’,’O’,’S’,’E’};
Here array size has been defined as 5 and only 4 initialisation characters have been given. In this 1 extra space of putting null () character is there. This will automatically be done by the compiler and ca3 will be a neatly printable null character terminated string of C language style of strings.
char ca4[]=”CHIN”;
Here string initialisation has been done with a 4 character string literal. One extra space for null character will automatically be assigned by the compiler.
cout<<“array 1 contains “<<ca1<<endl;
This will print FACE followed by few junk characters as null termination is not proper.
cout<<“array 2 contains “<<ca2<<endl;
This will print NOSE followed by few junk characters as null termination is not proper in this case also as the space for 5th character is not there..
cout<<“array 3 contains “<<ca3<<endl;
This will print NOSE properly as 5th character storage space we have provided and compiler has an opportunity to terminate it properly with the null character.
cout<<“array 4 contains “<<ca4<<endl;
This will print CHIN properly as string literal has been used for initialisation and compiler has its own choice of creating extra space for null character.
cout<<“array 1 by individual characters = “
<<ca1[0]<<ca1[1]<<ca1[2]<<ca1[3]<<endl;
This will print FACE as individual characters are now being picked from the array and are being displayed one after the other.

Notes

• In C++ use of string type is recommended in place of null terminated character array.
• In C++ Char array is used mainly when it is convenient to store a series of individual characters for the purpose of some character oriented data.

Suggested Filename(s): chararr.cpp, chararraytypes.cpp